WORLD WAR I
- The first global war that brought the Central Powers of Germany, Austria-Hungary and the Ottoman Empire against the Allied forces of Great Britain, the United States, France, Russia, Italy and Japan.
- The main cause that triggered the war was the assassination of Franz Ferdinand, the heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne, in Sarajevo, on June 28, 1914.
- The assassination of Franz Ferdinand declared war for Austria-Hungary and Serbia.
- Treaties bound countries together, as allies, and they had to help each other fight in war.
- The U.S. declared neutrality but when German submarine warfare threatened them, and they joined the Allied Powers.
- The Allied Powers included: the U.S., Belgium, France, Great Britain, Montenegro, Greece, Italy, Portugal, Romania, Russia, and Serbia.
- The others were the Central Powers, which included: Austria-Hungary, Germany, Bulgaria, and the Ottoman Empire (Turkey).
Timeline
(important events)
June 28, 1914 - Gavrilo Princip, who has connections to the Serbian terrorist-type group, the Black Hand, assassinates Archduke Franz Ferdinand, the heir of Austria-Hungary.
July 28, 1914 - Austria-Hungary declares war on Serbia.
August 2, 1914 - Ottoman Empire (Turkey) and Germany sign a secret treaty of alliance.
August 4, 1914 - Germany invades Belgium.
August 10, 1914 - Austria-Hungary invades Russia, opening the fighting on the Eastern Front.
August 1914 - Battle of Tanneberg, Prussia.
September 12, 1914 - First battle of Aisne, France.
November 3, 1914 - Russia declares war on the Ottoman Empire (Turkey).
November 5, 1914 - Great Britain and France declare war on the Ottoman Empire (Turkey).
May 7, 1915 - A German U-20 submarine sinks the British passenger ship, the Lusitania; 1, 198 are killed, including 128 Americans.
June 1915-November 1917 - The Battles of the Isonzo, Italy.
1915 - Battle of Krithia, Gallipoli peninsula, Ottoman Empire.
February 21, 1916 - Battle of Verdun, France
April 6, 1917 - U.S. declares war against Germany after the interception and publication of the Zimmermann Telegram and the sinking of three U.S. merchant ships by German U-boats.
May 31, 1916 - Battle of Jutland, North Sea near Denmark (sea battle British and German navies).
July 1, 1916 - Battle of the Somme River, France.
June 26, 1917 - American troops begin landing in France.
November 20, 1917 - Battle of Cambrai, France.
December 3, 1917 - Russia signs an armistice with Germany.
March 3, 1918 - Russia signs the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk, ending hostilities with the Central Powers and withdrawing Russia from this war.
September 29, 1918 - Bulgaria signs an armistice.
October 30, 1918 - Ottoman Empire (Turkey) signs an armistice.
November 3, 1918 - Austria-Hungary signs an armistice.
November 11, 1918 - Germany accepts the armistice terms demanded by the Allies, ending the war.
July 28, 1914 - Austria-Hungary declares war on Serbia.
August 2, 1914 - Ottoman Empire (Turkey) and Germany sign a secret treaty of alliance.
August 4, 1914 - Germany invades Belgium.
August 10, 1914 - Austria-Hungary invades Russia, opening the fighting on the Eastern Front.
August 1914 - Battle of Tanneberg, Prussia.
September 12, 1914 - First battle of Aisne, France.
November 3, 1914 - Russia declares war on the Ottoman Empire (Turkey).
November 5, 1914 - Great Britain and France declare war on the Ottoman Empire (Turkey).
May 7, 1915 - A German U-20 submarine sinks the British passenger ship, the Lusitania; 1, 198 are killed, including 128 Americans.
June 1915-November 1917 - The Battles of the Isonzo, Italy.
1915 - Battle of Krithia, Gallipoli peninsula, Ottoman Empire.
February 21, 1916 - Battle of Verdun, France
April 6, 1917 - U.S. declares war against Germany after the interception and publication of the Zimmermann Telegram and the sinking of three U.S. merchant ships by German U-boats.
May 31, 1916 - Battle of Jutland, North Sea near Denmark (sea battle British and German navies).
July 1, 1916 - Battle of the Somme River, France.
June 26, 1917 - American troops begin landing in France.
November 20, 1917 - Battle of Cambrai, France.
December 3, 1917 - Russia signs an armistice with Germany.
March 3, 1918 - Russia signs the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk, ending hostilities with the Central Powers and withdrawing Russia from this war.
September 29, 1918 - Bulgaria signs an armistice.
October 30, 1918 - Ottoman Empire (Turkey) signs an armistice.
November 3, 1918 - Austria-Hungary signs an armistice.
November 11, 1918 - Germany accepts the armistice terms demanded by the Allies, ending the war.